Di Posting Oleh : INFO PENDIDIKAN
Kategori : EDUCATION VIVEKANANDA AND EDUCATION
INTRODUCTION
Swami Vivekananda was non solely a social reformer, but also the educator, a cracking Vedanta’s, patriot prophet of India, born at Calcutta inwards 1863, who sought to modernize the land of its social as well as cultural harmony. His contribution to the awakening of modern Republic of Republic of India is critique inwards its sort as well as quality. If didactics is viewed equally the most powerful musical instrument of social change, his contribution to educational thought is of paramount importance. He defines didactics equally ‘the manifestation of perfection that is already inwards man.
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According to him didactics is a continuous process; it should comprehend all aspects of life - physical, material, intellectual, emotional, moral, as well as spiritual. His mental attitude towards modernization is that the masses should live on educated earlier anything else is done. He wanted to take from Republic of Republic of India 4 major evils, via; 1) priest-craft, 2) poverty 3) ignorance 4) tyranny of the wise. He tried to brand the people of Republic of Republic of India understood that political as well as social strength should have got their foundations on cultural strength. He has a truthful vision of philosophy of didactics inwards Republic of Republic of India inwards its cultural context.
His educational thought has real cracking significance today because modern didactics has lost much of its connector amongst the values of human life. Therefore, he suggested that didactics should non live on for stuffing unopen to facts into the brain, but should aim at reforming the human mind. True didactics to him, was non for the carrier, but for the contribution to the nation. The cracking religious saint as well as social reformer died inwards 1902 when he was exactly 39 years. He is no to a greater extent than but he volition live on remembered for ever on this earth. His missions as well as his preaching are volition move along inspiring the coming generations.
MEANING OF EDUCATION
Vivekananda said: “The didactics which does non assist the mutual volume of people to equip themselves for the struggle of life, which does non select out strength of character, a spirit of philanthropy, as well as the courage of a king of beasts – is it worth the name? Real didactics is that which enables i to stand upwards on one’s ain legs. Education must furnish ‘life-building, man-making, character-making assimilation of ideas”. The ideal of this type of didactics would live on to make an integrated person.
AIMS OF EDUCATION
The ultimate aim of all didactics as well as all training, according to Swami Vivekananda, is man-making as well as also he recommends the next major aims of education.
1. CREATION OF SELF – CONFIDENCE AND SELF – REALIZATION:
Man has an immortal soul which is the treasure –house of infinite power. Man should, therefore, have got total confidence inwards himself as well as strive to accomplish the highest finish of his life, self-confidence leads to self - realization. In Swamiji’s ain words: “Faith inwards us as well as organized faith inwards God – this is the surreptitious of greatness.” Education of the correct type should aim at removing the veil ignorance from our hear as well as brand us understand that what genuinely nosotros are.
2. FORMATION OF CHARACTER
Character is the aggregate of a Man’s tendencies, the amount –total of the bent of his mind. We are what our thoughts have got made us. It is, therefore, that didactics should aim at sublimating the evil tendencies of our mind. Swamiji said, “We desire that education, past times which graphic symbol is formed, strength of hear is increased, intellect is expanded as well as past times which i tin stand upwards on one’s on feet.” Education must construct upwards graphic symbol as well as manifest our existent nature.
3. DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY
Personality is the influence, the impression, i creates on the others. It is the personality of a human that counts. “According to Vivekananda, personality is 2 – 3rd as well as his intellect as well as words are solely i – 3rd inwards making the existent man.” The ideal of all didactics as well as all trainings should live on this human – making.
4. SERVICE OF MIND
Another of import aim of didactics is serving the God inwards man. It is the God inwards the sick, the poor, the miserable, the ignorant as well as the downward – trodden what nosotros should worship. In Swamiji’s ain words, “if you lot desire to let out god, serve man.” He was pained to encounter the wretched poverty of his countrymen. He, therefore, wanted that didactics must enable everyone to stand upwards on his ain feet as well as satisfy his ain primary needs.
5. PROMOTION OF UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD
Swami Vivekananda’s dearest for mankind knew no geographical boundaries. He ever pleaded for the harmony as well as expert human relationship of all nations. He said,’ through education, nosotros should gradually accomplish the thought of universal brotherhood past times flinging downward the walls of separation as well as inequality. In every man, inwards every animal, withal weak or miserable, cracking or small, resides the same omnipresent as well as omniscient soul. The deviation is non inwards the soul, but inwards manifestation.” He insisted the didactics must telephone yell upwards forth this ability inwards every mortal as well as broaden it to such an extent that it may comprehend the whole world.
6. THE AIM OF KEEPING IN VIEW THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF LIFE
To Swami Vivekananda, the practical aspects of life must non live on ignored inwards whatever system of education. Only then, it volition live on possible to brand an private self – dependent as well as the province prosperous. Swamiji said: “It volition non do only to hear to cracking principles. You must apply them inwards the practical field, plough into constant practice.” So he has emphasized the importance of didactics inwards agriculture as well as other practical arts.
7. AIM OF PHYSICAL AND MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
The 2d aim of didactics is that the kid should able to promote national growth as well as advancement equally a fearless as well as physically good developed citizen of tomorrow. Stressing the mental evolution of the child, Swamiji wished didactics to enable the kid to stand upwards on his ain legs economically rather than becoming a parasite of on others.
8. AIM OF MORAL AND SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT
According to Swami Vivekananda, a nation's greatness is non solely measured past times its parliamentary institutions as well as activities, but also past times the greatness of its citizens. But the greatness of citizens is possible solely through their moral as well as spiritual evolution which didactics should foster.
9. THE AIM OF SEARCHING UNITY IN DIVERSITY
The truthful aim of didactics is to develop insight into the individuals so that they are able to search out as well as realize unity inwards diversity. Swami Vivekananda has farther asserted that physical as well as spiritual worlds are one; their distinctness is an illusion (Maya). Education should develop this sense which finds unity inwards diversity.
10. AIM OF RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT
To Swamiji, each private should live on able to search out as well as develop the religious seed embedded inwards him as well as thus let out the absolute truth or reality. Hence he advocated the grooming of feelings as well as emotions so that the whole life is purified as well as sublimated. Then only, the capacities of obedience, social service as well as submission to the teachings as well as preaching's of cracking saints as well as saviors volition develop inwards the individual. Education should foster this development.
ROLE OF TEACHER AND STUDENT IN EDUCATION
According to Swami Vivekananda a mortal amongst an mental attitude of renunciation, influence children through his ideal example, dearest his students, sympathize at their difficulties, teaching according to the needs, abilities as well as interests of the them, contribute to their spiritual evolution tin live on a expert teacher.
A pupil should have got an inclination as well as eagerness to learn. He should live on an observer of celibacy. He should have got command over his senses. He should follow the ideals pose downward past times his teacher.
VIVEKANANDA’S PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
1. KNOWLEDGE RESIDES WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL
Knowledge is inherent inside the private himself. The private finds out this cognition past times experiencing it inside himself. Perfection is inherent inwards everyone. It is the business office of didactics to Pb i to perfection. Therefore, didactics should live on made available to all.
2. THE CHILD FURTHERS ITS OWN DEVELOPMENT
Swami Vivekananda says that it is incorrect to think that nosotros promote the evolution of a child. In fact, he furthers his evolution himself. He says, “Everyone develops according to his ain nature. When the fourth dimension comes everyone volition come upwards to know this truth. Do you lot think you lot tin educate a child? The kid volition educate himself, your labor is to furnish the necessary chance to him as well as take the obstacles inwards his path. He volition educate himself on his own. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 flora grows itself, does the gardener grow it? He exactly provides the necessary environs to it, it is the flora itself that does its ain growing.” Thus Swami Vivekananda advocates the regulation of self–education.
3. EDUCATION ACCORDING TO THE NATURE AND NEED OF THE CHILD
In monastic state to brand didactics useful, it must live on according to the nature as well as demand of the child. It is non the teacher, or the parents who volition create upwards one's hear his needs as well as nature. His didactics should live on patterned on the lines of these tendencies. The instructor has to visualize God inwards the soul of each child. Each kid should live on considered equally manifestation of God. In fact, nosotros have got to serve God. Therefore nosotros have got to serve each child.
4. THE ABILITY OF CONCENTRATION IS THE ESSENCE OF EDUCATION
For the acquisition of knowledge, concentration or attending is real necessary. For the success inwards life also, this ability is real helpful. Everyone does non have got the same ability of concentration. With the assist of this ability i tin acquire useful cognition as well as adapt it inwards hear for utilisation whenever necessary.
EDUCATIONAL VIEWS OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA
CURRICULAM
According to Swami Vivekananda, the prime number aim of didactics is spiritual growth as well as development. But this does non hateful that he did non advocate textile prosperity as well as physical well-being. He feelingly advocated the inclusion of all those subjects as well as activities, inwards the curriculum, which foster textile welfare amongst spiritual advancement. For spiritual perfection Swamiji prescribed Religious, Philosophy, Upanishads, Company of saints as well as their preaching's as well as for textile advancement as well as prosperity he recommended Languages, Geography, Science, Political Science, Economics, Psychology, Art, Agriculture, Industrial as well as Technical subjects together amongst Games, sports as well as other Physical exercises.
METHODS OF EDUCATION
Swami Vivekananda prescribed the same ancient spiritual methods of teaching wherein the Guru as well as his disciples lived inwards unopen association equally inwards a family. The essential characteristics of those religious as well as spiritual methods were equally under:-
1. To command fleeting mental faculties past times the practise of Yoga.
2. To develop the hear past times concentration as well as deep meditation.
3. To gain cognition through lectures, discussions, self- experience as well as creative activities.
4. To copy the qualities as well as graphic symbol of instructor intelligent as well as clear understanding.
5. To Pb the kid on the correct path past times way of private guidance past times the teacher.
MAJOR IMPLICATIONS OF VIVEKANANDA’S IDEAS
Vivekananda’s educational ideas have got been influenced past times 3 major factors; 1) dearest for his master copy 2) dearest for the nation, as well as 3) personal convictions.
THE BASES OF MODERN EDUCATION
Vivekananda felt that modern didactics all over the world has so far concentrated on ‘the learning to do’ aspect as well as non on the ‘learning to be’ faculties of education. He says that didactics must focus on the requirement of the human mind. His philosophy of didactics is based on universal principles of morality as well as ethics. He wanted to learn the mutual masses of Republic of Republic of India the ideals of synthesis, tolerance as well as universal harmony. His philosophy gives equal importance to the claims of spirit as well as matter. To him diverseness is equally existent equally unity. Matter is solely ‘veiled spirit’. Thus he creates a metaphysical synthesis reconciling the claims of spirit as well as matter, as well as makes it i of the principal bases of its philosophy of education.
THE IMPORTANCE OF ‘YOGA’ IN EDUCATION
Vivekananda wants to house maximum emphasis on concentration as well as meditation inwards the teaching-learning process. In the practise of yoga equally it is inwards the practise of full general education, 5 elements are necessarily involved-the teacher, the taught, the aim, the dependent area as well as the method. He convinced of the fact that all cognition is inwards the human hear as well as that the same tin live on experienced past times practicing concentration as well as meditation.
TRANSMISSION OF KNOWLEDGE
To Vivekananda, all teaching implies giving as well as taking; the instructor gives as well as the pupil receives. Here he stresses the demand for effective participation inwards the teaching-learning process. Teacher should motivate the students to acquire cognition as well as develop inwards them scientific temper, secular outlook as well as civic responsibility.
LEARNING THROUGH ACTIVITY
Vivekananda anticipated many modern thinkers inwards suggesting that learning through activity should live on the guiding regulation of whatever system of education. He wanted every activity inwards Indian schools as well as colleges-dance, drama etc; Inter-school as well as inter-collegiate competitions are also required inwards monastic state to enable the students larn how to sacrifice personal as well as selfish interests for the sake of the larger interests of society.
THE IDEAL OF WOMANHOOD IN INDIA
Vivekananda suggested that the women should live on made ambitious through a expert organisation of education.h3e made a potent appeal for raising the status of women along amongst that of man. He felt that it was much against the ancient ideal of Republic of Republic of India that women were non given plenty opportunities for self-development.
RELEVANCE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA’S IDEAS IN MODERN EDUCATION
VALUE EDUCATION
Here, didactics is conceived inwards the wide sense; everything inwards the gild plays an educational role. The formal didactics organisation is but portion of the civilization as well as values inwards the organisation are inevitably determined past times the culture. Education is seen equally an musical instrument for harnessing human drives, as well as equally consequences, it becomes to unopen to extent a method of behaviour modification. Education preserves rather than changes social values. Education is seen to abide past times existing civilization norms of the society.
PEACE EDUCATION
Constructive didactics for peace must aim to reform humanity so equally to allow the inner evolution of human personality as well as develop a to a greater extent than witting vision of the mission of mankind as well as the introduce weather of social life equally was so emphatically averred past times Swami Vivekananda equally well. What nosotros demand today is an didactics that is capable of saving mankind from the introduce predicament. Such an didactics involves the spiritual evolution of human as well as the enhancement of his value equally an private as well as preparing the immature people to understand the fourth dimension inwards which they live.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
Environmental didactics is viewed equally an integral portion of the didactics process. It is taken to live on centered on practical problems as well as tin live on an interdisciplinary character. It should aim at edifice upwards a sense of values, contribute to populace good beingness as well as delineate of piece of job concern itself amongst survival of the human species. Its force, therefore, should aside mainly the inaugural of the learners as well as their involvement inwards activeness as well as it should live on guided past times immediate as well as hereafter dependent area of concern. Environmental didactics enables them to deal the environs inwards which they alive through a judicious utilisation of resources.
CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION
The concept of citizenship didactics should target to mould the hereafter citizens into the frame of a civic gild where citizens are aware of their rights, honor democratic ideals as well as function for a welfare gild amongst shared responsibility. Education for democratic citizenship is a pose of practices as well as activities aimed at making immature people as well as adults improve equipped to participate actively inwards democratic life past times assuming as well as exercising their rights as well as responsibilities inwards society.
VIVEKANANDA’S INFLUENCE
Viewed inwards the lite of contemporary thought, Vivekananda was genuinely an epoch capsule into a life bridge of less than xl years updating his woman rear province to struggle against all kinds of social evils. ‘Equilibrium’ as well as ‘synthesis’ were the watchwords of Vivekananda. Contemplation as well as devotion to duty were unified inwards his personality. He had gone deep into the social as well as political reject of Republic of Republic of India as well as attempted to prescribe a workable formula to eradicate all social inequalities. The awakening as well as liberation of modern Republic of Republic of India equally viewed past times him was a phase for the realization of universal dearest as well as brotherhood. He gave his swain brethren, a dynamic gospel of supreme fearlessness as well as strength. He mercilessly denounced the arrogance as well as sophistication of the upper classes of Indian society. He was i of the cracking thinkers inwards Republic of Republic of India to offering a sociological interpretation of Indian history.
CONCLUSION
Swami Vivekananda was genuinely the greatest synthesizer of ever time. He wanted to take the evils of the gild past times giving re-orientation to politics, sociology, economic science as well as education. Swami Vivekananda pose stress on didactics equally a powerful weapon for this change. As an educationalist he believes inwards absolute values which have got to live on realized past times a expert organisation of education. Education should live on the preparation for life. It should develop a feeling of nationalism as well as international understanding, it should leads to the evolution of graphic symbol as well as brand individuals self-dependent. Today at that topographic point is a deterioration of cultural ethics as well as standards. The supreme demand of the lx minutes is to counteract this emotional, moral as well as cultural collapse. Only a procedure of a expert organisation of didactics tin select virtually a salubrious political as well as social life. Swami Vivekananda stands for this as well as his message is for all time.
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